In a large pot or Dutch oven, heat a tablespoon of olive oil over medium-high heat. Add the ground beef, diced onion, and diced green bell pepper. Use a wooden spoon to break the beef into small crumbles. Cook for about 8-10 minutes until the beef is no longer pink and the onions are soft and translucent.
Add the minced garlic and paprika to the pot. Stir constantly for about one minute until the garlic is fragrant. This step, known as “blooming,” enhances the flavor of the spices. Be careful not to let the garlic burn.
Pour in the diced tomatoes (with their juices), tomato sauce, beef stock, and Worcestershire sauce. Add the Italian seasoning and the bay leaf. Stir everything together until well combined.
Bring the mixture to a lively simmer over medium-high heat. Once it’s bubbling, reduce the heat to low, cover the pot, and let it simmer for at least 15 minutes to allow the flavors to meld together.
Stir in the uncooked elbow macaroni. Make sure the pasta is submerged in the sauce. Return the pot to a simmer, then cover and cook for 8-10 minutes, or until the pasta is al dente (tender but still with a slight bite). Stir occasionally to prevent the pasta from sticking to the bottom of the pot.
Once the pasta is cooked, turn off the heat. Let the goulash stand, covered, for about 5 minutes. The sauce will thicken as it cools slightly.
Remove the bay leaf before serving. Ladle the hot goulash into bowls. If desired, top with a generous handful of shredded cheddar cheese and a sprinkle of fresh parsley.